Prostate Cancer Uk Statistics

Prostate Cancer: A Growing Concern for Men in the UK

Causes and Risk Factors

Prostate cancer occurs when cells in the prostate gland start to grow uncontrollably. The exact cause of prostate cancer is unknown, but it's believed to be influenced by a combination of genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors. Age is a major risk factor for prostate cancer, with the majority of cases diagnosed in men over 65. Other risk factors include: * Family history of prostate cancer * High-fat diet * Obesity * Smoking

Symptoms and Diagnosis

In its early stages, prostate cancer often doesn't cause any symptoms. As the cancer grows, it may cause: * Difficulty urinating * Blood in the urine * Erectile dysfunction * Pain in the lower back, pelvis, or thighs Prostate cancer is typically diagnosed through a combination of a blood test (PSA test) and a rectal exam. A biopsy may also be performed to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment Options

The treatment for prostate cancer depends on the stage and aggressiveness of the cancer. Treatment options include: *

Surgery

Radical prostatectomy is the most common surgical treatment for prostate cancer. It involves removing the entire prostate gland. *

Radiation therapy

Radiation therapy uses high-energy beams to kill cancer cells. It can be used as a primary treatment or as an adjunct to surgery. *

Hormone therapy

Hormone therapy aims to lower testosterone levels, which can slow the growth of prostate cancer. *

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy is a systemic treatment that uses drugs to kill cancer cells throughout the body.

Outlook

The outlook for prostate cancer depends on the stage of the cancer when it's diagnosed and the treatment received. Survival rates have improved significantly over the past few decades, with a five-year survival rate of over 90% for men diagnosed with early-stage prostate cancer.

Prevention and Screening

There is no sure way to prevent prostate cancer, but there are things you can do to reduce your risk, such as: * Maintaining a healthy weight * Eating a low-fat diet * Exercising regularly * Quitting smoking Regular screening is also important for early detection and prompt treatment of prostate cancer. Men over 50 should talk to their doctor about getting a prostate exam.